Implements of War

Throughout the novel, instruments of war represent power and authority. The soldiers' rifles frequently act as a security blanket in high-pressure situations, and weapons are sometimes used as bargaining chips as well for their value as symbols of status. Pistols in particular are shown to be of high value and take on additional symbolism as instruments of revenge or intimate violence.

Desert

The desert is referenced with almost ubiquity in the novel, reflecting its status as a symbol of the larger conflict. It is portrayed as vast and unforgiving, qualities which also apply to the war. Jack slowly becomes accustomed to living in the desert and begins to view it as his home, just as Rios did before him. For this reason, Jack returns to the Middle East in the epilogue to continue his search for Rana.

Temperature

Hot and cold are symbols of...