Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia was a sovereign European state established October 1918 and persisting until 1992. During World War II, most of Czechoslovakia was occupied by Nazi Germany (the remainder was annexed by Hungary). After World War II, many Czechoslovakian citizens embraced Communism and in February 1948 the Communist Part seized power. Czechoslovakia remained in Communist control until 1968 when it became a federation of the Czech Socialist Republic and the Slovak Socialist Republic.

Lodz Ghetto

Kovály and here family were initially deported to what she calls the Lodz Ghetto (officially, the Ghetto Litzmannstadt). After the Warsaw Ghetto, the Lodz Ghetto was the largest forced concentration of Jews and Roma in German-occupied Poland. The Lodz Ghetto was the last ghetto in Poland to be liquidated. From the Lodz Ghetto, Kovály and her family, with all the remaining residents, were deported to Auschwitz.

Auschwitz

Auschwitz is the name given to a system of...