The Mouse

The mouse is a symbol of fear and helplessness. Mice are defenseless prey animals. The only thing they can do, when faced with danger, is run and hide. By addressing his poem to this animal, Burns explores compassion for these helpless creatures, and for the aspect of human nature they represent.

Wheat

Wheat is a symbol of plenty. It is a relatively easy grain to grow, and the basis of much British cuisine. Here, it appears as the food that the mouse steals, and which is generously granted to it. It is thus a symbol of generosity.

The House

The house is a symbol of protection. It literally shelters living creatures – man and mouse alike – from the dangerous cold of the winter. It also represents the concepts of safety, warmth, and belonging.

Winter

Winter symbolizes danger. For a mouse – or for an impoverished farmer – winter...