Shadows

Shadows symbolize the unknown. As the boy stands in shadows in each successive description, the speaker recasts her relationship to the unknown through language. For example, whereas the boy lurks in the shadows in the first stanza, he stands lost in the shadows in the sixth stanza.

Flags

Flags symbolize nationalism, patriotism, and groupthink. The speaker compares them to the dynamic meaning of words, showing how words influence our perceptions of others. Depending on use, words can drive separation or generate feelings of closeness.

Removal of Shoes

The boy removing his shoes at the speaker's door symbolizes respect. In many households, taking off one's shoes before entering is a way to preserve cleanliness. Here, the boy performs this act with care, showing that he respects the speaker.