Baraka, Amiri. Introduction to Confirmation: An Anthology of African American Women, New York: Quill, 1983.

Furman, Jan. Toni Morrison's Fiction, Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1996.

Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. Introduction to Toni Morrison: Critical Perspectives Past and Present, New York: Amistad, 1993.

Schappell, Elissa. Interview with Toni Morrison in The Paris Review, Vol. 35, No. 128, Fall, 1993, pp. 82-125.