Magical Organizations

The various magical organizations symbolize the use of power and privilege by white people to perpetuate dynamics of social oppression. The members of the magical orders are all white, wealthy, and powerful. They view black people as expendable. Thus, the dynamics of magic and its use parallel the dynamics of social oppression experienced by black Americans.

The Safe Negro Travel Guide

The Safe Negro Travel Guide symbolizes the ubiquity of racial oppression in the Untied States. The guide itself serves to mark places where black people are less likely to be persecuted, harassed, or denied service by businesses. Thus, the guide highlights the overwhelming presence and horror of racial oppression.

Caleb’s Mark

Caleb’s mark of protection symbolizes white privilege. Caleb bears a magical mark that he has placed on himself to give himself protection from harm. This immunity to harm parallels the idea...