In Kane and Abel, Archer creates a character who embodies the American rags-to-riches success story, symbolizing opportunity for those who are diligent and persevering. Abel Rosnovski, one of the novel's two main characters, is a penniless Polish refugee when he comes to this country. Through hard work, he educates himself and makes his fortune. He must earn his way and by doing so, epitomizes the American work ethic.

In contrast to the concept that diligence and hard work reap their own rewards is the negative picture that Archer paints of business ethics and white-collar crime. The author depicts bank officials manipulating stock shares and bank policies to further their own careers. Although the honorable and wealthy William Kane triumphs over these unprincipled men, the reader is still aware of their ominous presence.