Andrew Pham's emotions about his Vietnamese heritage were complex. How would you describe his attitude toward the country of his birth, and why do you think he had such conflicting feelings?

Do you think the author felt comfortable as an American? Do you think he loved this country or hated it? What is your personal reaction to Andrew's feelings about America?

Just as the author's emotions about the countries in which he had lived were complicated, so were his feelings about his own family. Considering all the family encounters he described, both good and bad, how would you assess his attitude toward being part of his family, and toward the history of his family's struggles?

The Phams had trouble expressing affection. There was probably more than one reason for this reticence. What reasons can you give that would help to explain it?

Give examples...