War has been a subject for American fiction since James Fenimore Cooper's novels of the American Revolution. Yet no writer broke the convention of depicting battle in a stylized, romantic manner until Stephen Crane's novel of the Civil War, The Red Badge of Courage (1895) naturalistically portrayed fear, panic, and physical mutilation. Later the World War I novels of Erich Maria Remarque (All Quiet on the Western Front, 1929) and Ernest Hemingway (A Farewell to Arms, 1929) balanced the portrayal of combat with an account of society's behavior under the stress of total war. Shaw's novel is one of several fine fictions to come out of World War II. Norman Mailer's The Naked and The Dead (1948) and James Jones's From Here to Eternity (1951) combine vivid accounts of individuals in battle with a sociological analysis of the war's impact upon politics and personal morality.