After Islamic extremists hijacked four commercial airliners and deliberately crashed three of them into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, many commentators noted that America would never be the same. Time will tell if those observers prove correct, but one thing is for sure: The government agencies responsible for national security will never be the same. Indeed, although many analysts argue that America's intelligence agencies could not have prevented such a well-orchestrated attack, many people immediately began to blame the CIA for the tragedy. They wanted an accounting of the CIA's failure to predict and prevent the attack and called for changes in the way the CIA conducts business. As Jack Citrin, a professor of political science at the University of California at Berkeley, puts it, "People are asking, 'Why didn't [U.S. intelligence agencies] prevent this from happening? Were they asleep at the wheel...