Elizabeth Martinez

Contrary to the conclusions of some analysts, immigration is not causing a significant rate of job loss among black Americans, contends Elizabeth Martinez in the following viewpoint. However, in cities with high immigration rates, it often looks as if immigrants are replacing blacks in service jobs—and this perception creates tension between African Americans and immigrants of color. This tension, Martinez argues, has been highlighted in a way that increases anti- immigrant sentiments. She maintains that blacks, Latinos, and Asians must join forces to counteract racist attitudes and win more jobs for all people. Martinez, author of 500 Years of Chicano History, teaches women’s studies at California State University in Hayward.

As you read, consider the following questions:

1. In what instances has immigration actually created jobs for African...