1. Arturo Hernandez and Elizabeth J. Swasey disagree as to whether schools can institute programs that will reduce gang violence. How do the school programs they discuss differ? Do you agree with Swasey when she argues that the after-school programs are a failure because one or two students who participate in the programs commit crimes? Explain your answers.
2. Rick Landre, Mike Miller, and Dee Porter contend that legal pressure might need to be placed on parents who are unwilling to participate in antigang efforts. Do you agree with this view? Why or why not?
3. After reading the viewpoints in this chapter, who do you think can best end the problem of gang violence—youth, their families, or all of society? Are there any other alternatives that you feel may be effective in reducing gang violence? Explain your answers.