1. E.D. Hirsch Jr. promotes conservative policies, traditional teaching techniques, and “back-to-basics” learning as ways to improve public education. Deborah Meier advocates community input, personalized instruction, and an emphasis on the development of critical thinking skills as public education reforms. In your opinion, which of these authors’ suggestions presents the most effective approach to improving public education? Support your answer with evidence from the viewpoints.

2. The viewpoints in this chapter include several recommendations for improving public education. Consider each recommendation and then list arguments for and against each one. Note whether the arguments are based on facts, values, emotions, or other considerations. If you believe a recommendation should not be considered at all, explain why.