The urogenital system of males and females incorporates the systems for excretion of wastes and for reproduction. These two systems originate from tissues that are next to each other in the body, and some ducts (or tubules) are used by both systems

The primary organ of the waste treatment and disposal system is the kidney. The pair of kidneys function in two ways. First, they remove nitrogen containing and other waste material that are the by-products of the breakdown of protein into fuel, and to eliminate these wastes as ammonia, uric acid or urea. Secondly, the help maintain the balance of water and salts in the body, which aids in maintaining the proper internal chemistry of the body.

Each kidney connects to the holding bag for liquid. This bag is referred to as the urinary bladder. The bladder voids liquid (urine) to the outside of the...