1805-1869

Scottish physical chemist who studied the process of the diffusion of gases and was responsible for the development of colloid chemistry. Graham in 1831 measured the rate of diffusion of gases through a small whole and found that it was inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular weight (Graham's law). In connection with his work on colloids, he was the first to describe the processes of osmosis and dialysis. His investigations of dialysis would lay the foundation for producing artificial kidney machines.