Technoscience refers to the strong interactions in contemporary scientific research and development (R&D) between that which traditionally was separated into science (theoretical) and technology (practical), especially by philosophers. The emphasis that the term techno(-)science places on technology as well as the intensity of the connection between science and technology varies. Moreover the majority of scientists and philosophers of science continue to externalize technology as applications and consequences of scientific progress. Nevertheless they recognize the success and efficiency of technology as promoting realism, objectivity, and universality of science.

The prehistory of the concept of technoscience goes back at least to the beginning of modern science. Francis Bacon (1561–1626) explicitly associated knowledge and power; science provided knowledge of the effective causes of phenomena and thus the capacity for efficient intervention within them. The concept became clearer during the first half of the twentieth century. Gaston Bachelard (1884–1962) in Le...