Source separation is the segregation of different types of solid waste at the location where they are generated (a household or business). The number and types of categories into which wastes are divided usually depends on the collection system used and the final destination of the wastes. The most common reason for separating wastes at the source is for recycling. Recyclables that are segregated from other trash are usually cleaner and easier to process. Yard wastes are often separated so they may be composted or used as mulch. Some experimental municipal recycling projects also require homeowners to separate household compostibles such as food scraps, coffee grounds, bones, and disposable diapers. Some studies suggest that as much as 30% of household waste may be compostible; another 40% may be recyclable.

Separate collection of household trash, recyclables, and yard waste is gaining popularity in the United States. In some communities...