Overview

Sodium carbonate (SO-dee-um KAR-bun-ate) is an odorless white powder or crystalline solid with an alkaline taste. (Baking soda is another substance with an alkaline taste.) It is hygroscopic, meaning that it has a tendency to absorb moisture from the air. It also exists as the monohydrate (Na₂CO₃·H₂O) and as the decahydrate (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O), each with slightly different physical properties from those of the anhydrous salt. The anhydrous form of sodium carbonate is commonly known as soda ash, while the decahydrate is often called sal soda or washing soda. Sodium carbonate has long been one of the most important chemical compounds produced in the United States. Its primary use is in the manufacture of glass and other chemicals.

Key Facts

Other Names:

Anhydrous salt: soda ash; Solvay soda; decahydrate: sal soda; washing soda (see Overview)

Formula:

Na₂CO₃

Elements:

Sodium, carbon...