1891-1975

British zoologist who analyzed the mechanisms of cell and animal locomotion. His research on cellular movements are contained in Ciliary Movements (1928) and his classic text Experimental Cytology (1931), which helped unify the field of cytology. Gray applied mechanical engineering principles to solve biological problems of animal locomotion, and his publications How Animals Move (1953) and Animal Locomotion (1968) led to greater understanding of biological locomotion. Gray was honored with the royal medal of the Royal Society in 1948 and was knighted in 1954.