Thomas Johann Seebeck, German physician, physicist, and chemist, was born April 9, 1770, in the Hanseatic town of Revel (now Tallinn Estonia). Seebeck studied medicine in Berlin and Goettingen, where in 1802 he took a physician's doctor degree. He lived in Jena (Thuringia) between 1802 and 1810 as an independent scholar not practicing medicine. In the Jena period Seebeck met poet Johann Wolfgang Goethe, who carried on his own studies on chromatics. From 1806 untill 1818 Seebeck consulted and informed Goethe about his optical observations. He discovered entoptical colors in 1813. These are color figures which originate inside glass volume after cooling. The phenomenon of entoptical colors was broadly documented by Goethe in his treatises on theory of colors. Seebeck became a member of the Academy of Sciences in Berlin in 1814. After stays in Bayreuth and Nuernberg (Bavaria) he moved to Berlin in 1818. Goethe hoped that Seebeck, in the prestigious...