Within the context of information systems, the term programming is understood to mean computer programming, which is the process of writing computer programs. A computer program is a detailed, step-by-step set of instructions that is executed by a computer in order to perform a specific task or solve a specific problem. A computer can perform a wide variety of tasks, including arithmetic calculations, text formatting, and submission of documents to the printer to be printed. However, the computer hardware does not perform these tasks by itself. It needs specific instructions on how to go about performing each specific task. It is these task-specific sets of instructions that are referred to as programs.

Programming Languages

Computer programs are written in a variety of programming languages. These languages fall into two broad categories: low-level programming languages and high-level programming languages. Low-level programming languages are so named because they are closer...