Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are medicines that relieve pain, swelling, stiffness, and inflammation. They are prescribed for a variety of painful conditions, including arthritis, bursitis, tendinitis, gout, menstrual cramps, sprains, strains, and other injuries. Two drugs in this category, ibuprofen and naproxen, also reduce fever. While NSAIDs relieve symptoms, they do not cure the diseases or injuries responsible for these problems. Some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be bought over the counter; others are available only with a prescription from a physician or dentist.

Among the drugs in this group are diclofenac (Voltaren), etodolac (Lodine), flurbiprofen (Ansaid), ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, Rufen), ketorolac (Toradol), nabumetone (Relafen), naproxen (Naprosyn); naproxen sodium (Aleve, Anaprox, Naprelan); and oxaprozin (Daypro). They are sold as tablets, capsules, caplets, liquids, and rectal suppositories and some are available in chewable, extended-release, or delayed-release forms.

NSAIDs should always be taken as directed. Patients who...