Aristotle and the University of Paris.

While the works of the Muslim commentators on Aristotle were certainly cited by the Oxford masters, it was only at Paris that a distinct school evolved that took its inspiration from one of these commentators. The movement was known as "Latin Averroism," after the Spanish Islamic philosopher Averroës, the principal commentator on Aristotle's work, and originated in the arts faculty in the course of the 1260s. With its concentration on philosophy in its many branches (including disciplines that would today be counted among the sciences, like botany and physics), the bachelor of arts degree was the first earned by a university student in the Middle Ages. The professors in the arts faculty were expected to "reign" for a respectable time and then move on to one of the higher faculties, such as theology, law, or medicine. Non est senescendum...