American biologist whose work focuses on the molecular biology of the lymphatic and immune system, specifically T-cell genetics and immunoglobins. The behavior of DNA in recombination is a primary research interest. He began his academic career at Harvard, where he received his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1950. He received his Ph.D. in molecular biology at Columbia University in 1956. He later became Metabolic Enzymes Section Chief of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology with the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland.