Ketones have the general formula RCCOCR' where R and R' may be the same or different groups (they can be alkyl or aryl groups but not hydrogen). The central carbon atom has a double bond with the oxygen. Ketones differ from aldehydes in that the latter has a hydrogen atom attached as one of the R groups. The name of a ketone is derived from the longest chain that contains the carbonyl group, with the -e ending of the alkane being replaced by -one. The location of the carbonyl group is given by numbering the chain in the direction that will give the lowest number. It is also correct to name ketones by listing alphabetically the groups attached to the carbonyl group and following this with the word ketone. Some ketones are also known by common names. The ketone CH₃COCH₃ is known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, and...