1940-

English Physicist

Brian Josephson is as well known for his contributions to physics as he is for his beliefs that physics must also explain extrasensory perception and paranormal phenomena.

Josephson first came to the attention of the scientific community when he was still an under-graduate at Cambridge University. At the age of 20 and in his third year of undergraduate studies he developed a new, improved way of calculating how the Doppler shift, which is a change in the frequency of radiation emitted by objects moving near light speed, is affected by gravity.

Shortly thereafter in 1962 Josephson, then a graduate student at Cambridge, made several predictions concerning the behavior of super-conducting circuits. When certain metals and alloys are cooled to extremely low temperatures they lose all resistance to the flow of electrons and become perfect electrical conductors, called superconductors. Josephson predicted that when two...