Birth control, or contraception, is the use of physical barriers, timing, chemicals, or a combination of these methods to prevent pregnancy. While many methods have been designed for women's use, few are available to men. Abortion and the controversial antigestation drug RU 486 (Roussel-Uclaf), are not considered routine birth control methods in the United States. The principal birth control methods in order of effectiveness are: surgical procedures, oral contraceptives, long-lasting hormonal contraceptives, intrauterine device (IUD), diaphragm, spermicides, and selective abstinence (or "rhythm method" and withdrawal

The surgical procedure of tubal ligation ("tying the tubes") involves severing or tying the fallopian tubes which prevents eggs from passing from the ovary into the uterus. For men, the vasectomy, in which the vas deferens is severed preventing sperm from leaving the testes, is a simple, reliable method. Both procedures can be done on an outpatient basis and--although generally considered permanent--can...