fl. fifth century B.C.

Greek woman of Asia Minor who studied the medical sciences and botany. It was said of Artemisia, whose story is perhaps semilegendary, that she was an authority on medicinal herbs, and that the Artemisia genus of plant was named in her honor. It is possible that she was the same person as Artemisia, queen of Caria (d. c. 350 B.C.), who married her brother Mausolus (r. c. 377-c. 352 B.C.) and after his death erected the famous Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.