Overview

Amyl nitrite (A-mil NYE-trite) commonly occurs in two isomeric forms: n-amyl nitrite and isoamyl nitrite (3-methylamyl nitrite or 3-methylpentyl nitrite). In common usage, the term amyl nitrite most commonly refers to the isoamyl form. Both isomers occur as yellowish liquids with a distinctive sweet odor and a pungent taste. They are unstable and break down when exposed to air, light, or water. Both isomers are probably best known as vasodilators, substances that cause blood vessels to relax and expand, allowing an increased flow of blood through the body. Because of its widespread use as a hazardous recreational drug, isoamyl nitrite has been banned, except for specified medical uses.

Key Facts

Other Names:

Pentyl nitrite

Formula:

C₅H₁₁NO₂ or (CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂NO₂

Elements:

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen

Compound Type:

Ester (organic)

State:

Liquid

Molecular Weight:

117.15 g/mol

Melting Point:

Not available

Boiling Point:

n-amyl...