Overview

Ash-Sharif al-Idrisi (1100-1165?) wrote one of the greatest works of medieval geography and produced the first world map to use a grid system of vertical and horizontal lines to designate geographic subdivisions and climatic zones. As a geographer and adviser to Roger II, the Norman king of Sicily, he also helped to bridge the distinct cultures of Europe and the Islamic world. While in Sicily, al-Idrisi constructed a silver planisphere that was covered with a map of the world. This map, which featured trade routes, major cities, and geographic details, was remarkably accurate for the time.

Furthermore, al-Idrisi composed the Kitab Nuzhat al-Mushtaqfi Ikhtiraq al-Afaq, or The Delight of Him Who Desires to Journey Through the Climates. This text, also known as the Al-Kitab ar-Rujari, or The Book of Roger, was intended to...