In reality, these poems pay homage to the animals that are the subjects. The animals serve as metaphors- the panther as a symbol of natural power and the predatory instinct, but this animal is all locked up in a zoo cage. The gazelle is a graceful herd vegetarian, not bright but beautiful, relatively gentle and rather innocent. The swan - beautiful, large, powerful is a special water fowl, not so much when contrasted to the panther but it can escape such an animal. The swan is also used a symbol of fidelity because swans mate for life making them a perfect symbol of "marriage."
The Selected Poetry of Rainer Maria Rilke