The Heartbeat of Wounded Knee
What is a short-summary of Part II in the nonfiction book, The Heartbeat of Wounded Knee?
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Part II covers government policy from the massacre at Wounded Knee to the New Deal of the 1930s. Beginning with this part, Treuer presents stories of modern Indians that reveal the variety and resilience of Indian life. American history, as he frames it, has led not to a demise of Indian cultural expressiveness but to meaningful continuity and adaptation. Among the events of this part are the 1824 creation of the Office (later Bureau) of Indian Affairs; the 1871 declaration by Congress that the tribes were no longer sovereign nations but wards of the state; policies of child separation, allotment, and assimilation, their basis in race, and the rise of reform movements led by non-Natives that served more to continue disastrous policies than to end them.
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