Noel Pemberton Billing (1881 - 1948) was a member of the British Parliament and publisher of the journal Vigilante. Pemberton Billing was sued by Maud Allan for libel and defamation of character after alleging that Allan was a lesbian conspirator working for the Germans during WWI. Pemberton Billing was a vocal opponent of homosexuality as well as a conspiracy theorist. Pemberton Billing published a series of homophobic rants in his journal based on information given to him by Howard Spencer.