Language plays an important role in "Roughing It." In fact, the novel can be viewed in part as a study in social linguistics - even though no science by that name existed when the book was written. Besides its obvious humorous point of view, the author aims at giving a fair representation of the state of the English language and its particular usage in the communities of Nevada miners in the 1860's. Several chapters are dedicated to translating in standard written English the slang used by the miners and the other inhabitants of the western states of America.