Freire discusses Getulio Vargas, a Brazilian leader who overthrew President Washington Luis in 1930. Late in his term of rule, Vargas called on the people to organize, become unionized, and to defend their own rights as workers. Freire notes that after this, Vargas's administration had increasing trouble and ended in 1954. Freire relates the end of Vargas's administration to his drive for the people to organize and help themselves.