Who is Tupac Amaru from Open Veins of Latin America: Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent and what is their importance?

In 1781, Tupac Amaru led a rebellion that laid siege to Cuzco, Peru. He was a mestizo chief and a direct descendant of Inca emperors. His rebellion against the Spanish invaders was akin to a messianic movement, and he was determined to turn his country around and defeat the Spanish conquistadors.

When Amaru entered the plaza of Tungasuca, he condemned the royal Corregidor, Antonio Juan de Arriaga, to death, thus ending the occupation. Within days, Tupac freed the slaves, abolished all taxes, and prohibited forced labor. He was a hero to the masses, and thousands rallied to "the father of all the poor and all the wretched and helpless." He promised his followers that if they died in the war, they would be reborn after the invaders were defeated.

After many battles, some successful..... some not, Tupac was captured after being betrayed by one of his own chiefs. The beloved Inca Chief was then handed over to the occupiers in chains and offered mercy on the condition that he would reveal the names of his accomplices. He refused, and shortly after, Tupac, his wife, his children, and his chief supporters were all tortured and murdered.