Being a woman in the 1930's was not the best role to be in. Men always got jobs first and women are often viewed as objects, which you can see in the book when it talk about Curley wearing a glove with Vaseline in it to keep it soft for her.
Curley's wife once said "I tell ya I could of went with the shows. Not jus' one, neither. An' a guy tol' me he could put me in pitchers...." She was about 15 if I remember correctly when she men this man that promised to put her into movies, though from the start he probably had no intention of actually letting her into the movies, he most likely took advantage of her then left. She never got the message from him that he said he would send once he got back to his home in California.
Curley's wife thought her mother took the message that was never sent to her and got mad and married Curley and slipped into the domestic wife role, even though she always seems to being running away from(or searching for as she says) Curley, and vice versa. Curley suppresses her by not allowing her to talk to anyone on the farm, and all of the men that work at the farm isolate her as well, putting her in a Jezebel-like view, "George says I ain't to have nothing to do with you - talk to you or nothing."(this is what Lennie said to her when she went to talk to him right before she got killed) and so she is stuck on that farm, entrapped and isolated due to the societal boundaries that won't allow her to pursue her dream.