Not Without Laughter's perspective is actually Hughes' perspective as Sandy Rogers. It is Hughes's attempt to bring out the features of racist white society in the United States through the eyes of an intelligent young boy whose talents very well might not have come to fruition. Thus, Hughes's writing seethes with the hatred of racism against whites and is powerfully aware of class distinctions among blacks, which were based largely on how well they conformed to white social norms and how light their skin tone was. He also writes with the perspective of one who believes that getting ahead is possible for a black man even in a society set against him.
Not Without Laughter