What metaphors are used in No Telephone to Heaven by Michelle Cliff?

Each of the novel's settings has metaphoric meanings for the characters, with different characters often reacting in different ways to the same setting. Jamaica, for example, is viewed by Boy as a place to escape from, by Kitty as a place to escape to, by Clare and Harry/Harriet as a place to save, by Charles as a place to survive, and by whites as a place to exploit. By contrast, America is seen by Boy as a place of new beginnings and of hope, by Kitty as a place of oppression, and by Clare as a place of corruption and despair.