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The acronym RPF stands for the Rwandan Patriotic Front. Paul Kagame was the leader of the RPF, who were considered rebels because they were not part of the established government. Many members of the RFP were acutally exiles from Rwanda living in neighboring countries following the wars of 1959 and 1973. They fought to return to Rwanda, but they wanted Rwanda to be governed equally between the three tribes residing there. After the genocide began, the RPF became the only hope for the Tutsi people. The RPF vowed to fight their way back into Rwanda and aid the Tutsis.

Source(s)

Left to Tell: Discovering God Amidst the Rwandan Holocaust