What metaphors are used in History: A Novel by Elsa Morante?

There is an underlying metaphor of war and family. Elsa Morante makes many references to the power and importance of family. Family provides another thread for Morante's theme of the less recognized agonies of war.

Ida Mancuso's childhood, although not perfect, is Morante's way to structure a picture of a childhood that might be considered "normal" in a time when war was not raging in Italy. Ida has a mother and father who share some dynamics that are common to many families. However, the intensity of family dynamics comes more sharply into focus during Ida's adulthood, and continues throughout the story.