Conspiracy or the attempt to provide conspiracy is another theme of the book. Conspiracy can be defined as the concerted action of two or more people to commit a criminal act. Many people had problems accepting Oswald as the lone assassin. The same with Ruby. A week after the assassination, a poll indicated that less than one-third of the population believed that Oswald acted alone. They believed that he was a part of something much bigger involving the Russians, Cubans, Mafia, or CIA.