Loneliness is a recurring idea in the story. The city is filled with people, but people are also disconnected from each other. Tommy notices how residents of the city walk past homeless people and hawkers without seeming to see them. The city inures them against other people's needs and wants. Ultimately, the city creates impassable boundaries between people. Jody deals with a desperate loneliness. She has been isolated by her mother's coldness and by her life in the city. Loneliness is the one problem that she cannot surmount, and her loneliness drives her to turn Tommy into a vampire against his will.