A World Lit Only By Fire contains two primary tones depending on Manchester's topic. If Manchester is focused on describing the medieval mind, the power of the Papacy, the savagery of medieval peoples, anti-intellectualism and other bug-a-bears he is unusually critical and hostile. This part of the tone, of course, reflects his ideological commitments on these matters. But it is noteworthy how extreme his view is. As mentioned several times in this guide, Manchester is so hostile to the main features of the medieval mind and orthodox Christianity in general that he describes the "Dark Ages" as so backward that it cannot even be counted as a civilization, a wholly unserious historical perspective on the age.