Fundamentalism is one of the themes in the book. In the first chapter of her book "A HISTORY OF GOD..." Karen Armstrong asserts that creating gods is something that human beings have always done. Certainly the historical record of the human species shows that images and statues of supreme beings have existed from even before the advent of writing. The need to externalize a force or being responsible, somehow, for the world in which mankind exists, is apparent in all ages and in all peoples throughout the world.