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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What refers to an optical telescope that uses a single or combination of curved mirrors that reflect light and form an image?
(a) A chromatic telescope.
(b) An Alhazen’s telescope.
(c) A refracting telescope.
(d) A reflecting telescope.

2. The Rayleigh–Jeans law revealed an important error in physics theory of its time. The law predicted an energy output that diverges towards infinity as wavelength approaches what?
(a) Zero.
(b) Pi.
(c) The sun.
(d) One.

3. When was Jean le Rond d'Alembert born?
(a) 1811.
(b) 1701.
(c) 1659.
(d) 1717.

4. What term refers to a region of spacetime from which gravity prevents anything, including light, from escaping?
(a) Limit.
(b) Omicron.
(c) Black hole.
(d) Derivative.

5. What is the study of geometric properties that are invariant under projective transformations?
(a) Projective geometry.
(b) Projective algebra.
(c) Classical relativity.
(d) General relativity.

Short Answer Questions

1. In Chapter 8, “Zero Hour at Ground Zero,” the author states that the Hubble telescope saw that most galaxies were flying away from one another by using red-shifting and blue-shifting effects, the cosmological equivalent of what?

2. In quantum mechanics, the concept of de Broglie waves reflects what?

3. What refers to the branch of mathematics concerned with finding tangent lines to curves, areas under curves, minima and maxima, and other geometric and analytic problems?

4. How is the Planck relation expressed?

5. When was Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica first published?

Short Essay Questions

1. Who devised the concept of a limit in calculus? What problems did the limit solve?

2. What are differential equations? Who first developed differential equations?

3. What problem do black holes present in physics, according to the author in Chapter 8, “Zero Hour at Ground Zero”?

4. Who created calculus? How did calculus differ from the other mathematical fields, according to the author in Chapter 5, “Infinite Zeros and Infidel Mathematicians”?

5. How are electrons described in Chapter 8, “Zero Hour at Ground Zero”?

6. How old is the universe estimated to be by astronomers today? How did they calculate this age?

7. What discovery did Friedrich Riemann make in the field of projective geometry?

8. How does the elimination of zero help general relativity theory, according to the author in Chapter 8, “Zero Hour at Ground Zero”?

9. What does the author say thermodynamics has taught us in Chapter 7, “Absolute Zeros”?

10. How many dimensions are required for string theory to work? How are these dimensions described in Chapter 8, “Zero Hour at Ground Zero”?

(see the answer keys)

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