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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to James, which of the following is not an essential element to religion?
(a) Confession.
(b) Intelligence.
(c) Sacrifice.
(d) Prayer.

2. James holds that in which stance does the mind makes connections between ideas that are just as valid as other truths?
(a) Radical empiricism.
(b) Conservative rationalism.
(c) Conservative empiricism.
(d) Radical rationalism.

3. Who believed that inclusive forms of consciousness are partly generated by less inclusive forms?
(a) James.
(b) Wordsworth.
(c) Fechner.
(d) Hegel.

4. James describes the parts of the universe as being which of the following?
(a) Discontinuous.
(b) Happy.
(c) Inconsistent.
(d) Individualized.

5. How does James describe Josiah Royce's approach?
(a) Instinctual.
(b) Deductive.
(c) Empirical.
(d) Reasonable.

6. According to James, the absence of something can lead to a sense of which of the following?
(a) Unreality.
(b) Happiness.
(c) Anger.
(d) Gratitude.

7. What viewpoint does James attribute to being aggressive and radical?
(a) Monist.
(b) Pragmatic.
(c) Pantheistic.
(d) Religious.

8. What position does James attribute to being the 'each-form'?
(a) Theist.
(b) Monist.
(c) Pluralist.
(d) Meliorist.

9. What is the view that salvation is neither impossible nor inevitable?
(a) Pessimism.
(b) Ascetism.
(c) Meliorism.
(d) Optimism.

10. What position does James say is the 'all-form'?
(a) Monist.
(b) Logic.
(c) Rationalist.
(d) Pluralist.

11. Who believes that everything has an opposite that is negated?
(a) Hegel.
(b) James.
(c) Biben.
(d) Wordsworth.

12. James states that which viewpoint is the process for determining truth?
(a) Pragmatism.
(b) Monism.
(c) Pluralism.
(d) Pantheism.

13. What stance does James attribute to being the way out of monism?
(a) Pragmatist stance.
(b) Intelligence stance.
(c) Witness stance.
(d) Determinist stance.

14. What do Lectures XVI and XVII outline?
(a) Aspects of ascetism.
(b) Aspects of charity.
(c) Aspects of mystical experience.
(d) Aspects of fanaticism.

15. James says that for an instantaneous conversion, it is necessary for a person to know which of the following?
(a) Sadness.
(b) Happiness.
(c) Harmony.
(d) Disharmony.

Short Answer Questions

1. What kind of unity does James describe as being things that are like each other?

2. According to James, noetic pluralism indicates which of the following?

3. James identifies the difference between those who are saintly and those who are not as which of the following?

4. After the first act, James believes that people will then act out of _____________.

5. Which definition is most close to the definition of healthy-mindedness?

(see the answer keys)

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