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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What country did Afghan refugees flee to when the Soviet Union withdrew from Afghanistan?

2. Why did the U.S. support the anti-Soviet rebels in Afghanistan?

3. What is Russia's connection with the European Union?

4. What are China's current territorial claims based on?

5. What is a madrassas?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does de Blij feel so strongly that Americans should be educated about Africa?

2. Who is Usama (or Osama) bin Laden?

3. Why is sub-Saharan Africa a ripe breeding ground for Islamic fundamentalism?

4. What kinds of places do terrorists thrive in?

5. Why does de Blij say that Chinese nationalists see the U.S. as arrogant?

6. How does the population distribution of Europe differ from that of the United States?

7. Why does it surprise so many people that European countries have managed to join together to form the European Union?

8. Why did the U.S. invade Iraq, even though Iraq was not connected with the 9/11 attacks?

9. How does de Blij think that the United States could avoid another Cold War?

10. Describe the geographic roots of sub-Saharan Africa's isolation.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast the theories put forward by geographers H.J. Mackinder and N.J. Spykman.

Essay Topic 2

Compare and contrast the conditions leading up to the Little Ice Age with conditions present in the world today. Do you think that another Little Ice Age is likely, based on the evidence presented by de Blij? If another Ice Age were to occur, what do you think would be the consequences for humanity?

Essay Topic 3

Explain how Europe and the United States contributed to Africa's decline in the modern age.

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