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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. The Hebrew scriptures disguise ____________ as the male Ashtoreth and seek to discredit her, according to Stone.

2. What is another name for the Northern Tribes as they are described in this chapter?

3. Stories about the Goddesses were hardly the innocent childlike ____________ that many stories of them have become.

4. ____________ continues to be revered as the bestower of rights to shepherds and kings, suggesting matrilineal rights still apply to royalty.

5. In Shuchinak, "Father of the ________" becomes "Father of the Gods" and later "Protector of the Gods of Heave and Earth."

Short Essay Questions

1. How does male dominance begin to creep into once female-ruled societies?

2. What are some of the rights women are given in the Code of Hammurabi?

3. Since little has survived about the Goddess in Sumerian times, how can one believe the Goddess was important?

4. Who is the Goddess Hatti who is found in Hittite literature as being one of the most important figures?

5. What does V. Klein have to say about the effect of female power on the society of the ancient times?

6. How does the mythological spouse begin to gain importance in the female-based world?

7. During the 18th dynasty in Egypt, women's roles are severely changed - what did they change to and from?

8. Who is the Goddess Ninhursag, otherwise known as Ninmah?

9. What is the effect the Adam and Eve story has had on the female child, according to the author?

10. Where does the word, "Hurrian," come from? What is its meaning and its roots?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The symbolism of birth and of giving life is one that is attributed to women and the Goddess figures.

Part 1: Why is the birth symbolism so important to earlier cultures?

Part 2: Why is the idea of a Great Mother so important to people throughout history?

Part 3: If the giving of life is so important, why aren't women given more power as the years go by, as opposed to less?

Essay Topic 2

The role of sex and sexual relations is one that is much different in Goddess-based societies.

Part 1: Why do you think women in the past were not in more committed and monogamous relationships?

Part 2: Why do you think these sorts of relationships worked in those times?

Part 3: What do you think of men these days who 'sleep around'? How are they seen? How are women who 'sleep around' seen in today's society?

Essay Topic 3

The role of religion in society has many more facets than are seen at first, according to this book and according to society today.

Part 1: In what ways does religion impact society in the accounts of the past?

Part 2: in what ways does religion impact society today?

Part 3: Should religion impact society? If not, why not? If so, how?

(see the answer keys)

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