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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who is meant to benefit from the focus of a nude painting?

2. What word would best describe the images on pages 40 and 41?

3. In Chapter 2, pages 36 and 37, how are the women in the images viewed by men in the same images?

4. According to the authors, what are women culturally and socially conditioned to do?

5. What does the author use "The Key of Dreams" as an example of?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe how the single eye of perspective changes with the invention of the camera.

2. How does the value of the original painting change after it has been reproduced many times?

3. Explain how the portrayal of women by European oil painters is a contradiction to their own work theory, as explained by the authors.

4. According to Berger et al., how can the story of Adam and Eve explain the shamefulness associated with being naked?

5. What do you think is the overall mood of the collection of images in Chapter 2 on pages 38 and 39?

6. Explain how an image is a record of a sight.

7. Explain how the women in the images are viewed by the men in the images on pages 36 and 37.

8. Describe how Bronzino's painting of Cupid kissing the lips of Venus shows that nudity is created with a spectator in mind.

9. Describe the metaphor of the lighthouse and the single eye of perspective.

10. What happens to the meaning of a painting when many reproductions are made?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain the development of the singular eye of perspective with the following three-part essay.

Part 1 - Explain Berger et al.'s metaphor of the lighthouse beacon.

Part 2 - Describe how the singular eye of perspective shapes the way viewers can see a sight.

Part 3 - Explain how the invention of the camera changed the singular eye of perspective, and describe its consequences on the art world.

Essay Topic 2

Write an essay to describe how works of art from the past mystify viewers in the present. Answer the following questions in your writing. Where do the viewers see themselves when they observe a work of art from the past? What depictions are easily misinterpreted from historical art works? Do you think that viewers in the present see the same sight as viewers from the past when they look at a work of art from the past? Support your reasoning.

Essay Topic 3

Describe how the reproduction of original paintings changes their meaning and value. Discuss the following questions in your writing. What happens to the value of an original work when numerous reproductions are made? What happens to the meaning of a painting if it is moved to a different location? How does the addition of titles or text affect the meaning of an art work?

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